The European qualifying examination reaches the final stage of its transition in 2027. Papers A, B, C and D were held for the last time in 2026. The examination now comprises Foundation paper F and main examination papers M1 to M4.
What do the papers assess?
F: Foundational knowledge of procedural patent law and claim analysis.
M1: Analysing information and evaluating and acting on client instructions.
M2: Applying substantive and procedural law under the EPC and PCT.
M3: Drafting claims, responding to Office actions and preparing an opposition.
M4: Advising a client through a legal opinion.
M3 and M4 will be offered for the first time in 2027. The EPO’s EQE information page explains the structure and links to the examination regulations: https://www.epo.org/en/learning/eqe-epac/european-qualifying-examination-eqe
What if you have passed papers under the previous system?
Transitional exemptions recognise previous examination passes. Candidates should consult the EPO’s guidance on exemptions under Article 25 REE and check how it applies to their examination record. The guidance is linked from the EPO’s EQE information page.
Start with the official materials
Mock examinations are available in the EPO’s EQE Compendium, also linked from its information page.
Use these materials to understand the tasks you will be expected to complete. Attempt questions before reviewing the accompanying materials, and identify where you need to improve your legal knowledge, analysis or written response.
Past papers from the previous system may still provide useful practice in particular skills. When using them, keep the requirements of your new paper in view rather than assuming that the old format will carry across.
Plan your preparation around your papers
Build a study plan around the papers you are taking and the weaknesses revealed by practice. Include time for both targeted exercises and longer timed attempts.
For drafting and submission tasks, practise producing the document requested. For advice tasks, work on connecting your legal analysis to the client’s circumstances and explaining the practical consequences.
Enrolment for the 2027 examinations closed on 30 September 2026. Candidates preparing for the examinations should continue to check the EPO’s official timetable, candidate instructions and updates as the examination approaches.